] (People v. Panah, supra, 35 Cal.4th 395, 447, 25 Cal.Rptr.3d 672, 107 P.3d 790. Legions of the night,[13 ] night breed, repeat not the errors of night prowler and show no mercy. The jury reasonably could have concluded that defendant intended to steal, but was interrupted when Hernandez unexpectedly opened the garage door and fled. Maxine Zazzara Tsai-Lian Yu Jennie Vincow 2. In view of the above facts, the court is ordering that both attorneys make full disclosure to Mr. Ramirez of any facts which might bear on their ability to effectively represent him in this case After this disclosure, if there are any made, the court will, if Mr. Ramirez desires, offer him independent assistance to check any information disclosed to him. (a)), five counts of attempted murder (187/664), four counts of rape (261, former subd. ), 13. Her eyes were never found. You probably know how vicious his crimes were but the true-crime series delves deeply into how bloody and gory they really were. Defendant asserts that the above quoted inquiry of counsel was deficient because the court failed to determine the nature of the terms and conditions of the retainer agreements entered into between defendant and counsel and defendant's family and counsel, failed to determine the impact of counsels' agreement with the family on their representation of defendant, and failed to consider the impact of the agreements with respect to counsel's purported waiver of appellant's right to a full and proper inquiry regarding his mental competency. Defendant asserts that counsels' expressed willingness to represent defendant pro bono, if necessary, deepened the appearance of grave conflicts of interest, triggering the trial court's duty of inquiry., The right to effective assistance of counsel, secured by the Sixth Amendment to the federal Constitution, and article I, section 15 of the California Constitution, includes the right to representation that is free from conflicts of interest. [Citation.] On August 23, 1989, defendant filed a motion for a mistrial. In their ransacked home, Vincent Zazzara, 64, was found with a bullet hole in the head. Garden of Commemoration, Sec. She had injuries on her body caused by burns. Defendant was arrested on August 31, 1985, and the felony complaint against him was filed on September 3, 1985. L[.]. You can consider them only once., 10. [] [], For these reasons, the court is going to take the matter of the substitution of attorneys under submission until October 24, 1985, to allow the defendant to investigate the attorneys he now wishes to hire, if he so desires, and for him to have the contractual agreement looked at by an independent attorney. Defendant removed the victim's blindfold and gag and she directed him to a briefcase that contained jewelry and to her purse, which contained money. They entered and found Vincent Zazzara lying dead on the couch in the den. From the above quoted statements, it is clear the trial court made inquiries into whether defense counsel planned to file a section 1368 motion, but the trial court did not express a doubt as to defendant's mental competency. 844, 83 L.Ed.2d 841.) Defendant's father, Julian Tapia, testified that defendant was with him in El Paso, Texas, from May 22 or 23, 1985, until May 31, 1985, which included the period during which Mabel Bell was attacked, her sister, Florence L., was murdered and Carol K. was attacked. At the end of the second court day of viewing these videotapes, the court allotted defendant one more hour on the following day, saying: This is all cumulative. Several items taken from the residence later were recovered from Felipe Solano, who had purchased the items from defendant. omitted.) A similar list is drawn from the records of the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). 191, 800 P.2d 547, retained private counsel, but his first trial ended in a mistrial and he became indigent prior to the retrial. The court's observations of defendant raised no question in the court's mind about defendant's competence, and one of the attorneys who was about to be substituted in as counsel vouched for defendant's competence. Defendant contends the trial court erred in denying his motion for change of venue under section 1033, depriving him of his rights under article I, section 15 of the California Constitution and the Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution. Defendant claims that his jury was not drawn from a fair cross-section of the population in violation of Code of Civil Procedure sections 197 and 203, article I, section 16 of the California Constitution, and the Sixth Amendment to the federal Constitution because the methods used to summons the jury venire resulted in the elimination of a disproportionate number of Hispanics. As explained below, defendant challenged the composition of the master list that was used to summon jurors during the 1987-1988 fiscal year that ended in June of 1988. ), Moreover, contrary to defendant's suggestion, the trial court did not express a doubt as to defendant's competence to stand trial. U. S. ] (People v. Roldan (2005) 35 Cal.4th 646, 673, 27 Cal.Rptr.3d 360, 110 P.3d 289, italics omitted. Defendant argues that the cumulative effect of errors in the guilt and penalty phases of the trial requires reversal of the judgment. When there was no reply, he entered the house through the unlocked door and found Bell and Florence L. Florence L. was lying on her bed in one bedroom. A shoe print from an Avia athletic shoe was found in the bedroom. After defendant left, Yu crawled a short distance and then lay still. The jury can, and must, be shielded from depictions that sensationalize an alleged crime, or are unnecessarily gruesome, but the jury cannot be shielded from an accurate depiction of the charged crimes that does not unnecessarily play upon the emotions of the jurors. We review for abuse of discretion the trial court's determination to discharge a juror and order an alternate to serve. [Citation.] The victim repeated her identification of defendant at trial. She Neither defendant nor the victims were known to the public prior to the crimes and defendant's arrest, so the last two factors-the community status of the defendant and the prominence of the victim do not support a change of venue. 11. During jury deliberations at the guilt phase of the trial, the trial court discharged Juror Robert L., over defendant's objection, after receiving information from the jury foreperson that the juror had fallen asleep on two occasions. Between 3:00 and 4:30 a.m. that morning, Launie Dempster, the newspaper deliverer, had seen defendant walking to his car, which was parked next door to Nelson's house in Monterey Park. 702-705, 139 P.3d at pp. 191, 800 P.2d 547.) Police found shoe prints from an Avia athletic shoe on the front porch, the rear porch, and inside the house. Jurors may be particularly reluctant to express themselves freely in the jury room if their mental processes are subject to immediate judicial scrutiny. Section 654 bars multiple punishment for a single act or omission. Although it literally applies only where such punishment arises out of multiple statutory violations produced by the same act or omission, we have extended its protection to cases in which there are several offenses committed during a course of conduct deemed to be indivisible in time. [Citation. Defendant tied up her eight-year-old son and hit him. The prosecutor responded that the photographs were not unduly gruesome and were relevant to show that the body had been covered by a blanket (which affected the determination of the time of death), the nature and extent of her injuries, and the position of her clothing, which suggested a sexual assault. [Citation.] The high court ruled that the trial court did not err in denying the defendant's request to substitute counsel, stating, where a court justifiably finds an actual conflict of interest, there can be no doubt that it may decline a proffer of waiver, and insist that defendants be separately represented. (Id. 83, 759 P.2d 1260.). (Griffin, supra, 33 Cal.4th at p. 558, 15 Cal.Rptr.3d 743, 93 P.3d 344.) 6, 263 Cal.Rptr. Subsequent analysis revealed that a 25-caliber bullet recovered from the victim's head had been fired from the same gun that fired bullets recovered from the home of Virginia and Christopher Petersen. On the morning of July 19, 1985, the bodies of Maxon and Lela Kneiding were discovered in their bed by their daughter, who had come looking for them after they failed to meet her at a restaurant for breakfast as planned. Defense counsel then questioned defendant as follows: [Defense counsel]: Mr. Ramirez, is it true that do you [sic] not wish to take the stand in your behalf during this phase of the trial? [] Under the federal Constitution, when counsel suffers from an actual conflict of interest, prejudice is presumed. The right to effective assistance of counsel [citations] encompasses the right to retain counsel of one's choice. Heinrichs Development 702 N High Point Rd Ste 200 Madison, WI 53717 info@kettlecreekverona.com. The high court denied relief, distinguishing Holloway on the basis that counsel had not protested his inability simultaneously to represent multiple defendants. (Mickens, at p. 173, 122 S.Ct. As explained above, reversal of the judgment is not required because there were no significant errors in defendant's trial. But the procedures to which defendant objected in the trial court, and which the trial court found did not produce a constitutionally significant underrepresentation of Hispanics, were not the procedures used to select his jury. He doesn't look the same as he looked that night? The trial court denied the defendant's motion for a change of venue, and the defendant was convicted and sentenced to death. Without a doubt, Mayor Feinstein made a big mistake, said Frank Falzon, a San Francisco police inspector. M Oregon, WI 53575. [Citation. The bullet hit Hernandez in her hand and apparently was deflected by the keys she was holding. Burial. Defendant argues that Prospective Juror Robert D. should have been excused for cause because he made it clear that he favored the death penalty as the appropriate punishment and would place a burden on a defendant to prove that death was not the appropriate punishment.. However, that lead would cause some issues down the line. Police increased their patrols, gave advice on how to avoid being victimized, and gave free deadbolt locks to the elderly. A restraining device similar to handcuffs that attach to the subject's thumbs. Other factors, particularly the degree of rigor mortis, indicated the victim had been dead for anywhere from six to eight hours, up to as long as 72 hours. Jack Vincow had seen his mother alive approximately 24 hours earlier, however, when he had visited her the previous afternoon. Defendant's claim also fails on the merits. Argued and Submitted June 30, 1980. Fox says life with Parkinson's is 'getting harder': "I'm not gonna be 80', Tom Hanks and Rita Wilson celebrate 35 years of marriage with cake, Chris Pratt talks Marvel audition fails: 'I was never gonna audition for Marvel again'. [T]he refusal of a defendant to provide an exemplar in violation of a court order is admissible evidence of the defendant's consciousness of guilt. [Citations. He was provided and he did visit me yesterday, but I refused to see him., The court further questioned defendant regarding the possibility of a conflict between him and his counsel, and defendant stated he understood but felt there would be no conflict. The court carefully reviewed each photograph and, on one occasion, prevailed upon the prosecutor to withdraw a photograph that was particularly graphic and, on another occasion, to withdraw a photograph that was cumulative. Defendant proposed 10 special jury instructions during the penalty phase. Defendant made Carol K. and her son lie on the floor and covered them with a sheet. You don't understand me. He had a pattern he killed the man in the house, and sexually assaulted a woman, and always made sure he could see the fear in his victims eyes. 618, 545 P.2d 1322.). 618, 545 P.2d 1322, fn. The police arrived and found Cannon lying dead on the bed. (People v. Gray, supra, 37 Cal.4th 168, 237, 33 Cal.Rptr.3d 451, 118 P.3d 496.). 177, 639 P.2d 248: [C]hosen representation is the preferred representation. ), Defendant relies upon our decision in People v. Beeler (1995) 9 Cal.4th 953, 986-991, 39 Cal.Rptr.2d 607, 891 P.2d 153, in which the father of one of the jurors died while the jury was deliberating in the penalty phase of a capital trial. [] This is also a concern of several of the other jurors and we were wondering if anything could be done to correct this situation., In response, the court admonished the jury that it was important to be attentive, adding: But if any of you feel that you have missed any of the evidence in a significant way it is incumbent upon you, under the oath that you took as a juror, to bring that to the court's attention. To the contrary, defendant presented testimony from a convicted burglar that she had committed burglaries with defendant. Defendant shoved her aside and entered the condominium. No. The Court: The filing of any notices of appeal? The Court: All right. [M]ore is required to raise a doubt [as to a defendant's competence] than mere bizarre actions [citation] or bizarre statements [citation] or statements of defense counsel that defendant is incapable of cooperating in his defense [citation] or psychiatric testimony that defendant is immature, dangerous, psychopathic, or homicidal or such diagnosis with little reference to defendant's ability to assist in his own defense [citation]. (People v. Laudermilk, supra, 67 Cal.2d 272, 285, 61 Cal.Rptr. In several instances, surviving witnesses testified that defendant demanded money or other items of value during the crime. Actually, I believe it was Tuesday, right before lunchtime, I believe about 11:30, he was sitting there and we're carrying on our normal deliberations, and you know, you could see he was nodding and then he just stood there, I would say about maybe a good four to five minutes maybe. In People v. Bell (1989) 49 Cal.3d 502, 262 Cal.Rptr. Later he gouged out Maxine's eyes and took them with him. 1368 comes to mind. Daniel Hernandez responded: We've been considering that from the beginning of course and we haven't made a decision on that and we are very aware and concerned about that. The court replied: So am I. A criminalist examined hairs recovered from the home of Maxon and Lela Kneiding and testified that they were dissimilar to defendant's hair. When Polo had not heard from Vincent Zazzara by the following morning, he and a fellow employee went back to the Zazzaras' house and found the door in the same position as the night before. ] (People v. Williams (1997) 16 Cal.4th 635, 667, 66 Cal.Rptr.2d 573, 941 P.2d 752.) 503, 781 P.2d 537): Inasmuch as the basis for the decision of the Court of Appeal has been eliminated, no purpose is served by an extended discussion of the propriety of using the 20-mile-radius community in determining the population for cross-section analysis. (Id. One time, he attempted a kidnapping but it failed, and while he was driving away he committed a traffic violation and a cop saw it happen. Ramirez, first known as the walk-in killer, invaded homes, murdering and sexually assaulting the residents, from June 1984 to August 1985. The trial court denied the motion, declaring that no doubt had arisen in the court's mind concerning the defendant's competence because it appeared the defendant understood the nature of the proceedings and was able to assist counsel. Serial Killer Database Wiki. After finding prints on a stolen car and releasing a mugshot to the public, Ramirez was apprehended after he was subdued by a group of residents and was beaten before cops could step in. We have repeatedly stressed that a defense counsel's failure to present mitigating evidence at the penalty phase does not make the proceeding unreliable in constitutional terms so long as (1) the prosecution has discharged its burden of proof at both phases of trial consistently with the rules of evidence and a constitutionally sound death penalty scheme; (2) the death verdict was rendered in accordance with proper instructions and procedures; and (3) the penalty jury considered the relevant mitigating evidence, if any, that the defendant has chosen to introduce. The jury reasonably could have concluded that defendant abandoned his plan to steal in order to flee and avoid apprehension. He stayed with defendant until the police arrived, as a crowd formed. You are not allowed to take account of any other facts or circumstances as the basis for deciding that the death penalty would be appropriate punishment in this case. The court refused the instruction, stating it saw no reason to give it. Bell died from her injuries about a month later in July, 1985. 346-347, 100 S.Ct. He hacked them with the weapon then shot both in the head. An ambulance arrived and took him to the hospital where he was pronounced dead. [] Since we are nearing deliberations, I am concerned that he will not be able to input with total knowledge of what was testified to during the trial. The court accepted defendant's waiver. A physician later testified, This was the most massive head injury I've ever seen. The survey revealed that 94.3 percent of those who responded had heard of the case and 52.7 percent were able to recall something about defendant, such as that he was a Satanist or that he looked evil or mean. This was reasonable, because this was the area from which the jurors actually were summoned. Originally from Southern California, Nenette Evans met and married Bill Evans in 1973. Defendant contends that the circumstance that he was restrained by leg shackles deprived him of his due process and fair trial rights under the Fifth, Sixth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution., On the first day of jury selection, July 21, 1988, the court informed counsel outside the hearing of the jury that the bailiff reported that defendant was unhappy wearing a leg brace. In response to questioning by defense counsel, the prospective juror agreed that he was a strong supporter of the death penalty, rating his support as eight on a scale of 10. WebPeter Zazzara's father Vincent and step-mom Maxine were brutally murdered by Richard Ramirez in their ranch-style home in Whittier, Los Angeles, on March 27, 1985. Serial Killer Database Wiki. In the following years, he would leave more of these pentagrams behind, and would also tell his victims to swear to Satan instead of God. The victim's three-year-old son awoke, and defendant bound his hands and feet and covered his head with pillows. 7. Arturo Hernandez: We realize that, your honor, and we are willing to undertake that risk. In the early days of his crimes, he knocked on the car hood of Maria Hernandez so she would see him before the attack, and he yanked Tsai-Lian Veronica Yu out of her car as opposed to shooting her through the window. Daniel Hernandez: Yes. On October 24, 1985, during defendant's arraignment in municipal court, defendant turned to the audience, raised his hand, and said, Hail Satan. A pentagram and the number 666 appeared on defendant's palm. One woman had her eyes gouged out, she added, referring to the March 27, 1985, slaying of Maxine Zazzara, 44, who was found stabbed to death along with her This change increased the percentage of Hispanics on the master list to 28.4 percent, which is more than both the 17.5 percent of the population within a 20-mile radius of the courthouse and the 26.3 percent of the population in the Central Judicial District. 82-85), defense counsel in the present case entered into a contract with both defendant and his family to represent defendant. In response to the People's observation that defendant did not request additional peremptory challenges during the selection of the alternate jurors, defendant asserts that such a request would have been futile, because the trial court had denied his earlier request for additional peremptory challenges during the selection of the seated jurors. 191, 800 P.2d 547.) Defendant maintains that he was deprived of his rights under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments to the federal Constitution because the trial court ordered that his determinate sentence of more than 59 years be served after execution of the death sentence. In the present case, there was no substantial evidence that defendant was mentally incompetent. Whether defendant satisfied the second prong by showing that Hispanics were underrepresented in the jury venire depends in part upon how the community that serves as a basis for comparison is defined. Do you understand the court is ordering you [to] do that? Defendant's photograph appeared in the newspaper the next morning. Defendant claims he was denied his right to a reliable penalty determination under the Fifth, Sixth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the federal Constitution, because the trial court erred in instructing the jury in accordance with CALJIC No. A burglary is committed if the defendant enters a residence or other enumerated structure with intent to commit grand or petit larceny or any felony. (459.) This presumption arises, however, only if the defendant demonstrates that counsel actively represented conflicting interests and that an actual conflict of interest adversely affected his lawyer's performance. [Citation.] In Whittier, he cut out Maxine Zazzaras eyes and took them with him. At the police station, defendant spontaneously confessed: I want the electric chair. Under the circumstances of the present case, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in ordering defendant to be physically restrained during trial. The trial court in the present case did not abuse its discretion in resuming deliberations the day after the jury learned that one of the jurors had been murdered. I do wish to impress upon you the importance of Mr. Ramirez being in the contract, and that has to have prime consideration. Earlier on in his killing spree, there were a series of young children being taken from their beds, assaulted, and then abandoned. Defendant has presented no persuasive reason to reconsider our previous holdings. He couldve left us a signed signature, Salerno says. Such rules shall govern the duties of the court and its attachs in the production and use of the juror lists. He found her wallet and removed her money. The court had the following exchange with defendant: The Court: Since you are bilingual, I want to inquire: the contract was written in English? Because the record establishes a manifest need for some form of physical restraint, defendant cannot complain that a less visible form of restraint, such as a leg brace, should have been used rather than leg shackles. ] (People v. Hayes, supra, 21 Cal.4th at p. 1281, 91 Cal.Rptr.2d 211, 989 P.2d 645.). The trial court in the present case was correct that the 3.5 percent absolute disparity and 20 percent relative disparity between the percentage of Hispanics who appeared for jury service and the percentage of Hispanics in the area within 20 miles of the courthouse was not constitutionally significant. This requirement is satisfied in the present case. Retention of Counsel. No juror is ever required to vote to impose the penalty of death if the juror is not convinced that death is the appropriate penalty under the circumstances shown by the evidence. The court denied this instruction as duplicative and argumentative. TermsPrivacyDisclaimerCookiesDo Not Sell My Information, Begin typing to search, use arrow keys to navigate, use enter to select, Stay up-to-date with FindLaw's newsletter for legal professionals. ) (People v. Cornwell, supra, 37 Cal.4th 50, 106, 33 Cal.Rptr.3d 1, 117 P.3d 622; People v. Harris, supra, 37 Cal.4th 310, 366, 33 Cal.Rptr.3d 509, 118 P.3d 545.). 81, 9, p. Its headlights were on and the driver's side door was open. Copyright 2023, Thomson Reuters. As you are aware I am sure, he tends to catnap during the day. To return a judgment of death, each of you must be persuaded that the aggravating circumstances are so substantial in comparison with the mitigating circumstances that it warrants death instead of life without parole. We need not, and do not, decide whether the trial court was correct that these proposed special instructions on mitigating factors were argumentative because, in any event, the trial court properly denied the requested instructions because they duplicated the court's instructions. A .22-caliber bullet recovered from Chainarong K.'s head had been fired from the same gun that fired the bullets that killed Vincent and Maxine Zazzara. Defendant unsuccessfully objected to a second photograph of the victim lying on the floor, arguing that it was irrelevant because the victim's body had been moved when it was examined and, thus, the photograph did not depict the scene as it was found by the investigators. She ducked behind a car as he pointed the gun at her. Atty., Los Angeles, Cal., argued, for plaintiff-appellee. 269, 790 P.2d 676. Another victim, Florence Nettie Lang, 81, was beaten to death with a hammer. It later was determined that a .22-caliber bullet recovered from Yu's body had been fired from the same gun as the bullet that killed Dale Okazaki. 630, 774 P.2d 659, defendant is entitled to relief only if he can actually show that his right to an impartial jury was affected because he was deprived of a peremptory challenge which he would have used to excuse a juror who sat on his case. Unless, in addition to exhausting his peremptory challenges, the defendant expresses dissatisfaction with the jury ultimately selected, we cannot know whether the earlier denial of the challenge for cause deprived the defendant of a peremptory challenge that he or she would have used to excuse a juror who sat on his case. On May 31, 1988, the trial court denied defendant's motion to quash the jury venire. Thus, in Dr. ] (People v. Maury, supra, 30 Cal.4th 342, 395, 133 Cal.Rptr.2d 561, 68 P.3d 1. Although several of the photographs certainly are gruesome, especially the photograph of Maxine Zazzara with her eyes cut out, they were not unduly so. With few exceptions, the media reports were accurate. He died on 27 March 1985 in Whittier, 439-440 [20 Cal.Rptr.3d 182, 99 P.3d 505]; People v. Brown [(2004)] 33 Cal.4th [382] at p. 404 [15 Cal.Rptr.3d 624, 93 P.3d 244] [International law does not prohibit a sentence of death rendered in accordance with state and federal constitutional and statutory requirements]. The circumstance that there was no evidence of theft during the commission of the attempted murder of Hernandez and the murder of Okazaki does not establish that defendant did not harbor the intent to steal when he entered the residence. Defendant climbed over a fence and encountered Fastino Pinon, who was working on his car, which was running. 191, 800 P.2d 547, this Court held that both Daniel Hernandez and Arturo Hernandez should properly have been discharged by the trial court as retained counsel on the defendant's motion based on their incompetence in a pending murder case. This does not accurately describe our decision in Ortiz. On the afternoon of June 28, 1984, Jack Vincow arrived at his elderly mother's apartment in Los Angeles and was surprised to find the screen missing from her open living room window and the front door unlocked. 13, 65 Cal.Rptr.2d 145, 939 P.2d 259; People v. Arias (1996) 13 Cal.4th 92, 126, fn. WebPhysical Address: Oakhill Correctional Institution 5212 County Hwy. ), Nor did the trial court abuse its discretion in determining that the probative value of each photograph outweighed its prejudicial effect. [Defense Counsel]: And you agree with the tactical decision that we made not to put on any evidence at this stage of the proceeding? Defendant left the car and ran down the street. Citing Rideau v. Louisiana (1963) 373 U.S. 723, 83 S.Ct. You are free to assign whatever moral or sympathetic value you deem appropriate to each and all of the various factors you are permitted to consider. WE CONCUR: GEORGE, C.J., KENNARD, BAXTER, WERDEGAR, CHIN, and CORRIGAN, JJ. ] [Citation. On November 7, 1989, defendant Richard Ramirez was sentenced to death for the so-called Night Stalker murders following his convictions of 12 counts of first degree murder (Pen.Code, 187, subd. Now, you must not allow yourselves to become inflamed against the defendant or any party to this lawsuit simply because these photographs are being shown to you. According to Dr. Minter, therefore, the absolute disparity between the 14 percent of persons who appeared for jury service and identified themselves as Hispanic and the 16.3 percent of the population within the 20-mile radius who were Hispanics who were eligible for jury service was just 2.3 percent. 85-88.) [Citations. The phrase legions of the night had been used in heavy metal rock lyrics around that time. Weeks opined that the disparity between the percentage of Hispanics available for jury service and the percentage that appeared for service was caused by the jury commissioner's use of records from the registrar of voters to compile a primary list. We concluded above that the court did not err in denying prior defense counsel's pretrial motion to appoint a psychiatrist to evaluate defendant's mental competency to stand trial, nor did it err in failing prior to trial to order a competency hearing sua sponte. As noted above, the in camera hearing concluded, and Arturo Hernandez and Daniel Hernandez were substituted as counsel without the court ordering a psychiatric evaluation of defendant. An associate of defendant's later testified that the cap looked like one defendant wore. A change of venue must be granted when the defendant shows a reasonable likelihood that in the absence of such relief, a fair trial cannot be had.
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