WebThe reports are exclusively narrative until July 1867 when a printed form first came into use. Paul addressed them to Timothy and Titus to guide them in matters concerning the pastoral care of the church, which is the household of God (cf. Closely related to this is another concept. In Ephesians and Colossians, however, there are indications that Paul expected the letters to be circulated among a broader audience. The Personal Circumstances of Paul in Rome: The Preaching of Christ (1:12-30), III. Primarily Apologetic: Explanation of Pauls Conduct and Apostolic Ministry (chs. To compensate for his failure to carry out his original plans, he was anxious to find something of real merit that he might do, which he believed he found in the need for suppressing a new religious movement that he regarded as both dangerous and heretical Christianity. Chapters 2 is key in that it demonstrates why and how the believer is complete in Christ and needs nothing added to the saving person and work of Christ. See Brown, Introduction to the New Testament, 5079, for similar arguments that have been made about the dating of Philemon. In fact, in this epistle, 18 out of 47 verses (38 percent) deal with this subject. In this epistle, we see Him as our comfort (1:5), triumph (2:14), Lord (2:4), liberty or freedom for a new life (3:17), light (4:6), judge (5:10), reconciliation (5:19), gift (9:15), owner (10:7), and power (12:9). [4] Often covering a variety of subjects and addressing each with complex argumentation, his letters can be difficult to follow, especially in translation. 15-16). The centrality of Christ as the essence, source, and means of the Christian life is stated in 1:30, of Him you are in Christ Jesus, who became for us the wisdom of God: both righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption (my translation). Rather, in Ephesians, Paul sets forth the glorious mystery, the church which is Christs body, Christ as the head of the Church (1:22, 23), and believers as co-members of one another and blessed with every spiritual blessing in Christ (1:3; 2:11-22). Some, however, would immediately claim such a doctrine leads to license, so the apostle demonstrates that Christian liberty does not mean license. He Commends and Comforts Regarding Persecution (1:4-12), III. Here the apostle taught them that the day of the Lord had not come and could not until certain events had taken place, not for the rapture of the church which is imminent, but for the day of the Lord, Daniels seventieth week. . Paul, Silvanus (Silas), and Timothy had come to Thessalonica early in the Second Missionary Journey, about AD 50, and had spent only a few weeks in the city where they had established a largely Gentile congregation. The Prize of the Christian Life: Having the Knowledge of Christ (3:1-21), A. Moral Disorders in the Church (5:16:20), B. The Ministry of Reconciliation (5:116:10), K. A Spiritual Fathers Appeal to His Children (6:117:4), II. Personal: The Private Plans and Affairs of the Apostle (4:7-18). [34] Murphy-OConnor, Paul the Letter-Writer, 4555; Brown, Introduction to the New Testament, 41315. [28] Murphy-OConnor, Paul the Letter-Writer, 11013; Brown, Introduction to the New Testament, 419; Richards, Paul and First-Century Letter Writing, 17175. As clearly stated in the opening verse of each of the prison epistles, Paul is declared to be the author. Term. To order How to Write Letters for All Occasions, send your name and mailing address, plus check or money order for $8 (U.S. funds), to: Dear Abby Letter Booklet, P.O. A crucial turning point in Paul's career came after he returned to Jerusalem and began studies in preparation for becoming a rabbi. Overviews of the reception of Pauls letters in the early church can be found in the relevant volumes of Oden 2001. Thus, chapters 5 and 6 show that Christians must learn to live by the power of the Spirit and that the Spirit controlled walk will manifest not the works of the flesh but rather the fruit of the Spirit. 22), and following his release he made several trips, wrote 1 Timothy and Titus, was rearrested, wrote 2 Timothy, and was martyred (see the Introduction to Titus, Titus 1:1 book note). The Structure and Format of Pauls Letters. The superiority of prophecy over tongues (14:1-25), 5. 2:1-3) as an example of one accepted by grace without circumcision, which vindicated Pauls stand on this issue (Gal. The Practice of Liberty: Serve and Love One Another (5:13-15), C. The Power of Liberty: Walk by the Spirit (5:16-26), D. The Performance of Liberty: Do Good to All Men (6:1-10). Dubbed the art of persuasion, Classical rhetoric involved both the pleasing use of languagewhich was meant to help it be both understood and rememberedand appropriate use of argumentation. A major theme of this book, especially chapters 1-2, is the return of Christ in judgment when He will put down all rebellion and bring retribution. Paul's missions were typically located in c. the virgin birth is part of the solution d. Jesus' resurrection is part of the solution. Notably absent are qualities of worldly success and position. In Relation to the New Creation (1:18), 3. He is the basis for the believers hope (1:5, 23, 27), the source of the believers power for a new life (1:11, 29), the believers Redeemer and Reconciler (1:14, 20-22; 2:11-15), the embodiment of full Deity (1:15, 19; 2:9), the Creator and Sustainer of all things (1:16-17), the Head of the church (1:18), the resurrected God-Man (1:18; 3:1), and the all-sufficient Savior (1:28; 2:3, 20; 3:1-4).60, I. Doctrinal: The Person and Work of Christ (1:1-2:3), 1. WebThirteen letters are attributed to Paul: Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 In place of a simple expression of affection and the occasional wish for strength and health for the recipient, the letters of Paul, for instance, frequently include a final blessing, greetings to various individuals in the community receiving the letter, sometimes the instructions to greet with a holy kiss, and a final peace wish. The Greek noun dikaiosune, righteousness, occurs 34 times, the noun didaioma, a righteous deed, acquittal, ordinance, five times, the noun dikaiokrisia (righteous judgment) once, the adjective dikaios, righteous, occurs seven times, the noun dikaiosis, justification, acquittal, twice, and the verb dikaioo, declare or show to be righteous, occurs 15 times for a total of 64 occurrences. The phrase our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ is one of the christologically significant texts affected by the Granville Sharp rule. There is some debate as to the title and destination of this epistle. Whereas the average ancient letter was 87 words long, the literary letters of the Roman authors Cicero and Seneca averaged 295 and 995 words respectively. Second Thessalonians 3:17, The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write, is a clear example of an authoritative postscript, and it is particularly interesting since the authenticating postscript seems also to have been a device used to prevent forgery by a letter purporting to be from Paul. Good deeds are not to be the product of human ingenuity or dead religion, but the work of Gods grace through faith in the power of God as manifested in Christ, the Savior. The theme is the fruitful and effective power of the gospel message which heralds the supremacy, headship, and the utter sufficiency of Christ to the church which is His body. In the other prison epistles, Paul spoke of this new relationship (Eph. 2:9). Instructions Concerning Prayer (2:1-7), B. In fact, the situation is even worse than that, for the knowledge that one ought not to do certain things often acts as a stimulus creating the desire to do it. A 19-year-old TikToker made 6 figures teaching people how to write essays. 1:1-8; 4:9-22; Titus 1:5; 3:12-13).64 Those who question Pauls authorship usually do so on the following grounds: that (1) Pauls travels described in the pastorals do not fit anywhere into the historical account of the book of Acts, (2) the church organization described in them is that of the second century, and (3) the vocabulary and style are significantly different from that of the other Pauline letters. Since, in reality, all believers are called to full-time ministry in one way or another, this chapter would be more than beneficial for all Christians. Misunderstanding of the Spirits ministry (2:6-16), D. The Design and Example of Paul (4:6-21), III. 1:13) along with the possibility of death (vv. Thus, the apostle writes to refute their false gospel of works and demonstrates the superiority of justification by faith and sanctification by the Holy Spirit versus by the works of the Law. The second theme flows out of the first, namely, the believers responsibility to know, grasp, and walk in a manner that is fitting with his heavenly position and calling in Christ (1:18-23; 3:14-21; 4:1). The frequent personal greetings often appended to the end of Pauls letterssuch as the list of twenty-six individuals and five groups in Romans 16:316remind us that these were actual letters written to real people in the first century AD. Personal: The Gospel of Grace, Justification by Faith Defended (1:1-2:21), B. Instructions Concerning Worship (2:1-2:15), A. Instead, it is to be dated during Pauls first imprisonment in Rome, where he spent at least two years under house arrest (see Ac 28:16-31).58. Consequently, alternative suggestions include a postulated Ephesian imprisonment, c. AD 5455, or Pauls detention in Caesarea, c. AD 5860, both of which would allow for an earlier letter to the Philippians, proposals that are attractive because of Philippians similarity in style, content, and situation to Galatians and 1 Corinthians (see Brown, Introduction to the New Testament, 49396, and Peter T. OBrien, The Epistle to the Philippians, NIGTC [Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1991], 1926). 2 was second-century Gnosticism. Fortunately for us, considerable information along these lines is available within the letters themselves and can be supplemented by biographical accounts written by Luke, who was a companion of Paul, and included in the Book of Acts. Consequently, it is not necessary to date Colossians in the second century at a time too late for Paul to have written the letter. While there he lived and worked with Aquila and Priscilla who were of the same trade, tent-makers (Acts 18:3). Duties and Defenses Against the Dangers (4:6-16), VI. In his campaign against Christians, both men and women, he traveled with letters of arrest from the high priest and went to other cities to waste the church of Jesus Christ (Acts 26:10-11; Gal. The apostle then visited Ephesus, where he left Timothy to supervise the church, and went on to Macedonia. The Cross And Christs Suffering For Sins (1 Peter 3:18-22), 6. It shows how we may be chained and hindered, but that the Word of God is not imprisoned (see also 2 Tim. While we are blessed with every spiritual blessing in Christ (1:3), we are nevertheless faced with a formidable enemy for which we need the armor of God. (4) This was then followed by a second visit to Corinth (the painful visit, 2 Cor. We should carefully study these issues and seek biblical answers so we might come to conclusions based on our study of the facts of Scripture. After he was released he wrote 1 Timothy and Titus, was arrested again, wrote 2 Timothy, and was martyred in Rome. Final Instructions to Timothy (6:11-21), C. Exhortations to Remain Faithful (6:20-21). The Epistle to the Galatians was the battle cry of the Reformation because it stands out as Pauls Manifesto of Justification by Faith. Kent P. Jackson and Frank F. Judd Jr. (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2006), 190207. Consequently, Paul was uniquely qualified to be the one chosen to carry the message of the gospel to the Gentiles. School attendance is a major issue. The Consequences of Denying the Resurrection (15:12-19), E. The Christians Victory Through Christ (15:51-58), VIII. So here are some suggestions to think about: Suggestion 1. 276.69, I. Salutation and Opening Greetings (1:1-4), II. That the apostle is the author of Ephesians is strongly supported by both internal and external evidence. [26] Richards, Paul and First-Century Letter Writing, 92. Brigham Young University To give instruction on how to meet this opposition and special instructions concerning faith and conduct, and to warn about false teachers (1:5, 10-11; 2:1-8, 15; 3:1-11). [29], Noted examples of postcripts in the Pauline corpus include 1 Corinthians 16:2124, Galatians 6:1118, Colossians 4:18, 2 Thessalonians 3:1718, and Philemon 1:19, where Paul uses his own name and mentions that he is writing this with mine own hand. Other possible, but unsigned, postscripts include 1 Thessalonians 5:2728 and Romans 16:2123.
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