Hard engineering. Western boundary currents are much more easily observed by satellite. Manganese nodules are these types of sediment: 4,500 meters (below that depth calcareous shells). How are headlands and bays formed a level geography? A wave train is caused by wave energy moving more slowly than individual waves. Both the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection are measured from a normal line, which is a hypothetical line perpendicular to the shoreline. Why does the wave height of a tsunami increase as the tsunami enters shallow water? Wavelength decreases. Because the focal spot results from the interference of these two waves, the time-reversed field can always be expressed (for a monochromatic wave) as the imaginary part of the Green's function (22). gravitational, Moon, Sun D)wave reflection. orthogonals that become more closely spaced as they approach the shore. B. capillary wave speed of a deepwater wave is proportional to _________. Would hydrogen chloride be a gas at room temperature? c. Earth rotates into and out of tidal bulges. 52. What does the term "in phase" refer to? Are 0333 numbers included in free minutes? As waves approach the coast, they refract in shapes that mirror the coastline. A wave train is caused by wave energy moving more slowly than individual waves. Tsunami are undetectable by ships in the open ocean. In terms of erosion protection from wave action, seawalls: Relative (local) changes in sea level might include: a.tectonic activity resulting in a regional coastline that is higher or lower. Term. Who did varane play for?Manchester United F.C.#19 / DefenderFrance national football tea#4 / Defender. 5.21. -The wavelength produced when two or more waves interact. Waves are the result of disturbance of the water surface; waves themselves represent a restoring force to calm the surface. -the closest distance a wave can get to shore before breaking, the lower limit of wave-induced motion in the water. b. they bounce wave energy back across the beach and cause erosion. -Water moves linearly in the opposite direction to wave movement. For reflected waves, the angle of incidence, the angle at which the wave approaches the surface, equals the angle of reflection. What is the major mechanism by which ocean surface waves are generated? 58) Waves converge on headlands due to: A) constructive interference. Which of the following currents contributes to the South Western United States being humid? Waves usually arrive nearly parallel to the shore because ____________________________. The ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the: Waves that are moving faster than local wind and are sorted out by wavelength are called: The speed of a deep-water wave is proportional to: Tsunami travel as deep-water waves over the open ocean. Fig. Fig. Which type of current flow moves in a circular path around a subtropical convergence, reflecting Ekman transport, gravity, and the Coriolis effect? (B) Wave diffraction and reflection in Koieie Loko Ia fishpond. 5.19). For example, in bays, waves diverge due to refraction, reducing the relative amount of energy compared to a straight coastline. Popular surf destinations tend to be located in geographic regions that are in a position to be regularly impacted by swells. 5.9 B). The circular motion of water molecules. A deep-water wave occurs when the water depth is equal to at least ________. Considering that Earth is closest to the Sun during the northern hemispheres winter, which statement must be true? -The wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water. 5.4. Waves are required in order to have surf. If the force on an object is in the negative direction, the work it does on the object must be? d. wave reflection. e. they enhance the natural flow of sand along a beach. The average water depth between your island and Japan is 4900 m. If a tsunami warning is issued for your island, how many hours will you have before the waves arrive? Surf zones are found along the shores of the ocean as well as the shores of many large lakes. tectonic activity on the seafloor A tsunami is considered to be a ____. 21) Waves converge on headlands due to: A) constructive interference. Coastal upwelling along the coast of Chile is a result of winds from the ___ turning towards the ____ due to Ekman transport. An estuary formed from a flooded glacial valley is called a: An area that experiences semidiurnal tides will have: two high tides and two low tides of nearly equal height daily. How do I get rid of mosquitoes in my room fast? 5.20. If a surfer wishes to have a really long ride, what type of wave should he or she look for? Which of the following statements about storm surge is CORRECT? e.are wider than summer beaches due to high energy waves during the winter. 5.2). the supply of new sand to replenish beaches is cut off Definition. MS-ESS2-2 Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. Please let Knowledge Mouse know below: Please let us know what is wrong in the feedback boxes below. Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are ___. -The depth of the wave base is two-thirds the wavelength of the waves. 5.4 B) form when the bottom slopes gradually. Sediments may form from the remains of living organisms falling into the ocean floor. In Figure 5.7, L1 is the wavelength of the incoming waves and L2 is the wavelength of the refracted waves. It issues tsunami warnings to 25 Pacific rim nations when data suggest a tsunami is imminent. Of the following statements about ocean waves, which one(s) describe wave period? D. surging breaker Spilling breakers form when fast-moving water at the top of a wave spills over slower-moving water at the bottom. This process is called shoaling, and it causes the height of waves to increase (Fig. Wind blowing across the surface of the ocean. -Wave refraction at the headland increases erosion at the headland and causes deposition in adjacent bays. From organic remains of marine life, primarily plankton organisms and algae. -the distance between the highest and lowest part of the wave What is the relationship between wave base and wavelength? -the bending of waves due to a change in wave phase -Waves in phase have identical wavelengths and are aligned peak-to-peak and trough-to-trough, -Waves in phase have identical wavelengths and are aligned peak-to-peak and trough-to-trough. d.coastal deposition. A. increases and its wavelength remains the same, B. decreases and its wavelength increases, C. increases and its wavelength decreases, D. increases and its frequency decreases, E. decreases and its steepness decreases. As water gets shallower and waves travel more slowly, their wavelength decreases. The uplift of downdropping of large areas of the sea floor creates ____ waves. A disadvantage shared by wave, solar and wind energy is that ___________________________. Wave energy is focused on headlands due to wave refraction. Select only one answer. Of the following statements about ocean waves, which is/are true? Coastal winds can cause upwelling or downwelling due to which of the following? Air trapped inside the barrel of the wave may explode or spit out of the barrel as the wave races along. How a wave breaks depends not only on the steepness of the bottom slope but also on whether the bottom slope is smooth or irregular, whether the bottom is composed of shifting sands or solid rock, and even whether the water on the bottom is calm or moving. At the coast, a tsunami looks like a suddenly occurring high or low tide, which is why they are misnamed "tidal waves." -When waves with identical wavelengths interfere. where storm waves move against strong surface currents. The height of a wave depends upon ________. Based on the graph, which of the following has the highest density? 23. As waves approach shallow water, they are refracted, changing the direction of the wave front, and their wavelength decreases. a. onshore upwelling b. onshore downwelling c. offshore upwelling d. offshore downwelling. (A) A warning sign explains rip current dangers and how to avoid them. What type of sediment is the most abundant by volume? b.rise in sea level due to a large weight of glacier on a continental mass. Water waves exhibit the same behaviors as other waves, including electromagnetic and sound waves, when they encounter a boundary, such as an object. Fig. a. to trap sand in front of their house. What physical factors affect the magnitude of a gravitational force? Which of the following from earliest to latest represents the typical order of . The ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the ________. What is the most efficient electric heating system UK? What is the wave base? C) spilling breakers. Which of the following from earliest to latest represents the typical wave formation? The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) was established in 1946 to coordinate data from seismic waves in the Pacific Ocean and around the Pacific rim. (B) A sign at Haena Beach Park, Kauai, HawaiI, warns swimmers that rip currents can sweep swimmers out to sea. -the highest part of the wave c.low nutrient levels associated with human activities. Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current? A rip current can also form when water from an incoming high tide or from large waves flows over a bar or reef; the water then flows in a rip current back to sea through a gap or deep area in the bar or reef. Make Print-Friendly. 5.18. Quartz Grains -Mixed interference Waves converge on headlands due to ________. In general, bays will have more sedimentation, because they have less wave energy, and headlands will have more erosion, due to the higher amount of wave energy reaching them. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Why does the damming of rivers sometime contribute to coastal erosion? Rip currents are narrow, river-like currents that flow perpendicular to the coast, heading out to sea (Fig. 5.4 A) form where there is a moderately steep, sloping bottom. Along irregular shorelines, waves also refract, but tend to converge on headlands, causing erosion of sediments . Based on the graph, which of the following has the lowest temperature? The normal line is the horizontal dotted line. A surf spot needs to be exposed to waves in order to have surf, so exposure to predominant swell direction is important. -the time it takes for one wavelength of a wave to pass a particular point wave refraction . Cold currents flowing ___ on the ___ sides of continents produce arid conditions. -Waves with shorter periods have shorter wavelengths. -The energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water. Report a problem? molecule has a positive and negative charge. The speed and energy of water in rip currents can be very dangerous. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) was established in 1946 to coordinate data from seismic waves in the Pacific Ocean and around the Pacific rim. The altering rate of erosion of hard and soft rock is known as differential erosion. -The waves are moving faster just in front of the headland, causing the waves to bend. 5.8. Water moves in a circle in the same direction as wave movement. Locations with wind that typically blows offshore or side-shore are usually preferable to on-shore winds. -the distance between the highest and lowest part of the wave 14. Fig. d. Tides in the northern hemisphere are largest during winter. When this happens, waves change direction, moving toward the normal line, which is the line perpendicular to the boundary. A tsunami may result from: Tectonic activity on the seafloor A tsunami is considered to be a: Shallow water wave T or F: Internal waves have never been directly observed False The diameter of a wave orbital at the surface is equal to ________. When will perfect destructive interference occur? All of the following statements are true of ocean sediments except: Ocean sediments are thickest in pelagic waters overlying the oceanic ridges. 17. Alternating layers of hard and soft rock allow the sea to erode the soft rock faster, forming a bay but leaving hard rock sticking out, known as a headland. A rip current is strongest at its neck, where the currents merge and flow back to sea through a deeper channel (Fig. Converging surface waters are areas of _____ and _____ productivity. wave refraction. In general, a good surf spot is one that breaks fairly often and in a manner that offers rideable waves. about half way between high and low tides. the seafloor has an trough located just offshore andparallel to the beach offshore sand bars block some of the wave energy a depression or shallow channel runs offshore from the beach there are headlands along the coast the first part of each wave crest starts to break . Waves converge on headlands due to: wave refraction. The wave fronts appear to bend around the edge of each of the barriers. The speed of a deep-water wave is proportional to ________. Diagram of the profile of a wave approaching shore; notice that the wave height increases as the water gets shallower. Sediment layer with larger particles on the bottom and finer particles toward the top. In a reflected wave, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection for wave direction. What types of substances dissolve most easily in water. b.at the boundary between the atmosphere and the ocean. 5.12. Ocean waves can be classified by the way in which they form. In addition, the bottom contour has a dramatic effect on the shape of breaking waves. a. boulders, rocks, clay b. gravel, sand, mud c. lithogenous, hydrogenous, biogenous d. conglomerate, sandstone, shale e. igneous. Destructive interference c. Wave diffraction d. Wave reflection e. Wave refraction. D) constructive interference. a. The most common tidal pattern around the world are ________. Weathering of the crust produces sediment and. Use Advanced Search to search by activities, standards, and more. Waves converge on headlands due to: Wave refraction. Compared with a solar day, a lunar day is: d.very high high tides and very low low tides. What is the relationship between Atlantic inflow and evaporation rates in the Mediterranean Sea? -Wave amplitude increases as depth increases. -When two waves that have low amplitude interfere. School Acadia University; Course Title GEOL 1003; Type. Spilling waves advance to shore with a line of foam tumbling steadily down the front of the wave face. How are wave period and wavelength related? The movement of air across the ocean surface creates ____ waves. a. is a function of the wind direction. -Water moves in a circle in the direction opposite to wave movement. Fig. 5.9 A). e.volcanic activity resulting in the formation of new continental crust. In general the restoring force for wind-generated waves is: The celerity (speed) of a deep-water wave with a wavelength of 9 meters, relative to that of a deep-water wave with a wavelength of 1 meter, will be ______________. Two most abundant dissolved substances in seawater are? -The wave pattern produced when two or more waves interact. Based on the graph, a deep-water wave with a period of 16 seconds should have a speed of ________ meters per second and a wavelength of ________ meters. b.coastal flooding. -the time it takes for one wavelength of a wave to pass a particular point. . Anatomy of a rip current, showing how currents parallel to shore intersect with the rip current heading out to sea. An area that experiences semidiurnal tides will have ________. The map below shows some popular surf spots. -the distance between consecutive wave crests or troughs -When waves with identical amplitudes interfere. Eight of the ten largest cities on Earth are located on the coast. Why does wave height increase as waves enter shallow water? Does Elena end up with Damon in the books? -Wave refraction at the headland decreases deposition at the headland and causes erosion in adjacent bays. on the continental rise by a turbidity current (under water landslide). a. We invite you to share your thoughts, ask for help or read what other educators have to say by. Discordant coastline occurs where bands of differing rock type run perpendicular to the coast. A tidal current can produce a rapidly spinning body of water called a vortex or ________. Image courtesy of Cecilia and Randy Lascody, from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). -the furthest distance a wave can get to shore before dissipating Waves with shorter periods have shorter wavelengths. The energy of waves help to shape coastal features. Which type of breaker is a turbulent mass of air and water that runs down the front slope of the wave as it breaks? Waves that are moving faster than local wind and are sorted out by wavelength are called ________. west into the coastal waters ___________. Over 100 people die each year in the U.S. in rip currents and they account for over 80% of rescues performed by surf beach lifeguards. (SiO2), Plankton that build a shell of calcium carbonate? What is difference between in vivo and in vitro? 5.4. What is the best geologic evidence that the Mediterranean Sea has nearly, or completely dried up in the past? As a wave moves into increasingly shallow water, it continues to grow in height. 5.7. 5.21). HELP PLEASE! How do headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines? Diffraction occurs when waves pass through an opening or around a barrier and change direction (Fig. c.wave diffraction. Make a beach profile, or side view, showing the shape of the beach. A) sea, surf . -Pure constructive interference, Which of the following are names for large ocean waves that can be created by constructive interference? . -a gently sloping rocky bottom Why are headlands more susceptible to erosion than bays? At the beach, a rip current usually begins where longshore currents collide and then flow together out to sea. wave diffraction. What are the four categories of sediment? Waves that are breaking along the shore and are forming a curling crest over an. You live on an island in the Pacific. Large coastal storms such as hurricanes initially cause all of the following except: a.coastal erosion. -Freak waves Refraction and diffraction affect the amount of wave energy reaching a coastline. The waves touch bottom. In terms of tidal theory (and the above figure; part A), constructive tidal properties cause: In terms of tidal theory (and the above figure; part B), destructive tidal properties cause: An area that experiences semidiurnal tides will have: d.two high tides and two low tides of nearly equal height daily. Marine sediments are classified by size broadly as __________. In general, if the bottom is very sloped, the resulting wave will be spilling. Destructive wave interference results in ___________. They crystallize (precipitate) from dissolved material in seawater. are formed when electrons are shared by atoms. Waves converge on headlands due to: Definition. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. People like to surf both types of waves. d. they cause erosion down-stream of the longshore drift. B)destructive interference. An eddy is a circular, whirlpool-like, movement of water (Fig. What are two sources of dissolved salts in sea water? Of the following situations involving orthogonals, which one involves the highest energy? C) wave refraction. Bay is a hair coat color of horses, characterized by a. Bays can be an inlet in a lake or a larger water body. Surf is characterized by lines of foam formed by breaking waves and a distinctive, often rhythmic sound that many people find peaceful. Three types of breaking waves include (A) plunging breakers, (B) spilling breakers, and (C) surging breakers. Fig. A wave with a 2-meter wave height and a wavelength of 1000 meters. If the side of the Earth that faces the Moon experiences a high tide, then the side of the Earth that is opposite from the Moon will have a ________. The time it takes for a full wave to pass a stationary object is called the wave: Definition. B. fetch, wind duration, and wind speed, A. the distance over which the wind blows without interruption, B. a method of shoreline erosion control, C. the distance between the trough of a wave and the still water level, D. the circular pattern made by water particles when a wave passes. through displacement of the seafloor under water. , where T is the wave period and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 meters per second squared). the distance over which wind blows without interruption. These three wave types are shown in Fig. The speed of a shallow-water wave is proportional to ________. Why are groins installed in such large numbers along the coast? Fig. The maximum tidal currents are reported ________. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Waves converge on headlands due to:, As a wave begins to feel bottom near a shoreline, its wave height:, The speed of a shallow- water wave is proportional to: and more. shallow-water wave The movement of air across the ocean surface creates ____ waves. Suggest a correction? Between thermal expansion and the input of freshwater (i.e., the melting of ice), what was the larger contributor to sea-level rise from 1993-2015? Cities were built along the coast and waterways because people rely on the ocean to feed themselves and transport goods. Coastal waters support about _____________ percent of the total mass of life in the oceans. -a gently sloping sandy bottom. Where few streams bringing in lithogenous sediment. 5.12 and described in Table 5.3. Rogue waves are generated by destructive interference patterns of ocean swells. d.wave reflection. -A wave with an amplitude that is the difference between the amplitudes of the initial two waves. Waves in the surf zone begin to behave like shallow-water waves when ________. Waves converge on headlands due to: A) destructive interference. -the distance between the highest and lowest part of the wave destructive interference. Fig. How might global warming exacerbate coastal hazards? A wave with an amplitude that is the SUM of the amplitudes of the initial two waves. In other words, why not just put in one groin? Choose the one best answer from the choices provided. -the upper limit of wave-induced motion in the water The angle of incidence ranges from zero degrees, which is like a wave approaching a wall head on, to slightly greater than 90 degrees, which is like a wave approaching parallel to the wall. (CaCO3), Foraminifera, Coccolithophores, Misc. -the distance between the highest and lowest part of the wave Is respiration endothermic or endothermic? Select only one answer. a. vast number of dinosaur fossil bones. 5.20). Of the following offshore ocean conditions, which one(s) would likely produce spilling breakers? wave diffraction. 5.4 C) form when large waves suddenly hit bottom in shallow water. Constructive interference results in larger waves while destructive interference produces: Large coastal storms such as hurricanes initially cause all of the following except: Among the physical factors that affect the magnitude of a gravitational force between two objects, which is most important? Waves converge on headlands due to: constructive interference. b. Compared to Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water is ____. Remains of ancient rocks of cosmic origin. The color coding reveals that wave heights are associated with, Wind fetch is _______. Four common types of surfing breaks include beach, point, reef, and river mouth: Tides can dramatically affect the quality of surf because they influence both water motion and the relative depth of the bottom contour. Your email address will not be published. (A) Coastline of Kihei, HawaiI, showing reflection, refraction, and diffraction of waves. What is the difference between a restaurant and a brasserie? The center of mass of the Earth-Moon system is called the ____. The angular distance of the Sun or the Moon above or below the Earth's equatorial plane is called the ________. Earth is the only major body in the solar system on which there are active volcanoes. Waves are a type of erosion. b. thick layers of evaporitic minerals (e.g., salts) on the seafloor. Internal waves are formed by the movement of water of different densities along an air-water interface. Deep water currents move ___ volumes of water and are much ____ than surface currents. There are surf breaks all over the Pacific ocean basin. Period. Test Prep. A deep-water wave occurs when the water depth is equal to at least _____. Fig. Submarines sometimes ride out heavy storms in deep water by submerging. -The waves are moving more slowly just in front of the headland, causing the waves to bend. Waves converge on headlands due to: wave refraction. The consistency of surf is dependent on the consistency of global weather patterns. What is the crest of a wave? Based on the equations for determining the speed of shallow-water waves, which one of the following variables is necessary to determine the speed of shallow-water waves? Concordant Coastlines This type of coastline is one where only one type of rock is facing the sea. These three wave types are shown in Fig. This phenomenon concentrates wave energy on headlands and diffuses wave energy in bays. Surging breakers (Fig. e.Tides are not impacted by the eccentricity of Earths orbit about the Sun. Evaporites (gypsum, halite) Which of the following, from earliest to latest, represents the typical wave "life"? When I do it myself I get all the answers correct but I don't haveenough time to, . The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following currents? As waves slow down, they get closer together; their wave period shortens. -Shipwrecker waves Because a rip current carries sediment out to sea, water in the rip current may appear a different color than the surrounding water (Fig. D) surf. waves converge on the headlands due to wave refraction. Correct Answer: Access For Free Review Later Choose question tag -When two waves that are in-phase interfere. How does water affect the rate of chemical weathering? A standing wave is caused by wave reflection. e.All of the above might be found along a secondary coast. Water from colliding waves can also explode, forming geysers of white water as the wave breaks. As waves move from deep to shallow water, the wavelength decreases (L1 > L2). a.Tides in the northern hemisphere are largest during spring. 24. Eustatic (global) changes in sea level might include: a.increased glacial and sea ice melting due to global warming. a. as evaporation increases, inflow decreases. A. constructive interference B. wave refraction C. wave diffraction D. destructive interference E. wave reflection Which of the following, from earliest to latest, represents the typical wave formation? Spilling waves can offer long distance rides for surfers as the wave breaks toward shore. D. wind What results when two waves, in phase and with the same wavelength, interact? Geostrophic circulation within a gyre is driven by ____.
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